Pars plana vitrectomy uses microincisions (23–27 gauge) to remove the vitreous gel, allowing treatment of problems such as retinal detachment, macular hole, epiretinal membrane, vitreous hemorrhage, and severe floaters. The eye is filled with balanced salt solution, gas, or silicone oil at the end of the case. 

What to expect after Vitrectomy? 

• Eye patch/shield and drop regimen 

• Blurry vision initially; clarity improves over days to weeks 

• If gas is used: specific head positioning and no air travel until cleared 

Strabismus surgery adjusts the balance of extraocular muscles by recession (weakening), resection (strengthening), or plication. In adults, adjustable sutures may finetune alignment shortly after surgery. The procedure is performed under general anesthesia. 

What to expect after Strabismus Surgery? 

• Redness and soreness for 1–2 weeks 

• Temporary double vision or eye strain as the brain adapts 

• Eye drops/ointment and activity limits for several days 

• Followup to adjust sutures in adults if used 

Surgical options depend on detachment type and location: 

• Pneumatic retinopexy: Gas bubble injected into the eye with laser/cryotherapy to seal tears. 

• Scleral buckle: A flexible band placed around the eye to support the retina. 

• Pars plana vitrectomy: Removal of vitreous gel, laser around tears, and gas or silicone oil tamponade. 
  All require careful head positioning afterward. 

What to expect after Surgery? 

• Eye patch/shield and drops regimen 

• Blurry vision initially; gradual improvement over weeks 

• If gas is used: no flying and maintain specific head positioning until cleared 

A pterygium is a wedgeshaped growth of conjunctival tissue extending onto the cornea. Surgery excises the tissue and covers the area with a conjunctival autograft (your own tissue) secured with sutures or tissue adhesive. MitomycinC or amniotic membrane may be used to reduce recurrence. 

What to expect after Pterygium Surgery? 

• Redness, light sensitivity, and foreignbody sensation for 1–2 weeks 

• Protective shield and antibiotic/steroid drops 

• Followup visits to monitor for recurrence 

This procedure uses a thin probe to gently open a blocked tear duct (nasolacrimal duct) and restore drainage. It may include irrigation, dilation, or placement of a temporary silicone stent to keep the duct open. Performed with topical anesthesia in adults; brief general anesthesia is common in infants. 

What to expect after Probing? 

• Mild irritation and tearing for 24–48 hours 

• Antibiotic/steroid drops for several days 

• If a stent is placed, a small loop may be visible at the inner corner; it is removed in 6–12 weeks 

PRK uses an excimer laser to reshape the cornea after gently removing the surface epithelium (no flap). A bandage contact lens protects the eye while the epithelium regrows over several days. PRK is preferred for thin corneas or those at higher risk for flap issues. 

What to expect after PRK? 

• More discomfort than LASIK for 2–4 days while the surface heals 

• Blurry vision initially, improving over 1–2 weeks; final clarity in weeks to months 

• Frequent lubricating drops and UV protection during recovery 

LASIK reshapes the cornea to correct myopia, hyperopia, and astigmatism. A thin corneal flap is created with a femtosecond laser, lifted, and the underlying stroma is precisely ablated with an excimer laser. The flap is repositioned without sutures. Preoperative mapping and tearfilm assessment ensure candidacy. 

What to expect after LASIK? 

• Rapid visual recovery—often 20/20 by the next day 

• Temporary dryness, glare/halos at night; frequent artificial tears 

• Protective shields and activity restrictions for a few days (no eye rubbing, makeup, swimming) 

When drops and lasers aren’t enough, surgical options lower intraocular pressure (IOP): 

• Trabeculectomy: Creates a new drainage channel under the conjunctiva. 

• Aqueous shunt/tube implant: Diverts fluid to a reservoir plate. 

• MIGS (minimally invasive glaucoma surgery): Stents or tissue removal via small incisions, often combined with cataract surgery. 

What to expect after Glaucoma Surgery? 

• Frequent drops and several followup visits early on 

• Blurry vision for days to weeks depending on procedure 

• Activity limits to avoid pressure spikes (no heavy lifting/straining initially) 

Keratoplasty replaces damaged cornea with donor tissue. Types include: 

• PKP (penetrating keratoplasty): Fullthickness corneal replacement. 

• DSEK/DSAEK: Partialthickness endothelial layer transplant. 

• DMEK: Ultrathin endothelial transplant for faster visual recovery. 

• DALK: Deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty for stromal disease with healthy endothelium. 
  Surgery is performed under regional or general anesthesia. 

What to expect after Corneal Transplant? 

• Eye shield, antibiotic/steroid drops, and frequent followups 

• Vision improves gradually over weeks to months (varies by procedure) 

• Temporary light sensitivity and foreignbody sensation 

• Suture removal may occur over several months 

Cataract surgery uses phacoemulsification—an ultrasonic probe that breaks the cloudy lens into pieces that are gently aspirated. A foldable intraocular lens is implanted through a tiny incision. Options include monofocal, toric (astigmatismcorrecting), and multifocal/EDOF lenses. Most procedures are outpatient with topical anesthesia and light sedation. 

What to expect after Cataract Surgery? 

• Clear shield and protective drops regimen 

• Mild scratchy sensation and light sensitivity for a few days 

• Rapid vision improvement, often within 24–72 hours 

• Activity restrictions are minimal; avoid eye rubbing and heavy lifting for 1 week